Uyuk Turan

Data sheet
Identifier	Tyva 5
Alternative names	E-3
Place of origin	Republic of Tyva, Russia
Date	Unknown
GPS Coordinates	No exact coordinates available
Current location	Aldan-Maadyr National Museum of the Republic of Tyva, Aldyn Doshka branch
Curator's URL	https://музейтыва.рф/?page id=11373
Material	Stone
Tamga	Tamga3
Historical affiliation	Enisei Kyrgyz
Deciphered	Yes
3D representation	No
Map
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The inscription was found by Funtikov sometimes between 1886-1887 in the territory of the city of Turan. The stone was transported to Kyzyl in 1943. It measures 277 x 38 x 27 centimetres.

Editions

Radloff (1895, 305-307), Orkun (1940, 39-42), Малов (1952, 16-20), Батманов and Кунаа (1963 a, 57-60), Васильев (1983, 14, 59, 84), Кормушин (1997, 189-196), Аманжолов (2003, 113-114), Базылхан (2005, 172-173, 325), Кормушин (2008, 92-94), Yıldırım, Aydın and Alimov (2013, 27-30), Aydın (2015, 39-43), Kormuşin, Mozioğlu, Alimov and Yıldırım (2016, 59-62), Aydın (2019, 48-53)

Transliteration

KWYDA : KWnǰYm : ẄzdA : WGLm : YṬA : szmA : YṬA : bẅkmdm : DRLṬm : kInm : KDṣm : YṬA : DRLṬm
LṬWNlg : kėṣg : belmtA : BNṬm : tŋrIelm : kA : bẅkmdm : sIzmA : YṬA :
ẄčIn : kẄlg : tIrg : bn : tŋrI : elm : tA : ymlg : bn : ...
Ẅčyetmṣ : YṣmKA : DRLṬm : gẅkKṬWN : yrmkA : DRLṬm
tŋrI : elmkA : KzGKm : WGLm : NWz : WGLm : LṬIbIŋ : YWNṬm :
KNm : tẄlbrI : KRA : BWDN : kẄlg : KDṣm : sIzmA : ičičmr : Ẅglr : WGLNr : kẄd : glrm : KIz : kln : lrm : bẅkmdm

Transcription

quyda^[1] qunǰuyïm özdä oɣlïm ayït a^[2] äsizim a^[3] ayït a bökmädim adrïltïm äkinim qadašïm ayït a adrïltïm
altunlïɣ^[4] kešig belimtä bantïm täŋri elimkä bökmädim äsizim a ayït a
üčin külig tirig bän täŋri elimtä yämlig bän
üč yetmiš yašïmqa adrïltïm ägük qatun^[5] yärimkä adrïltïm
täŋri elimkä qïzɣaqïm oɣlïm ... oɣlïm altï biŋ yuntïm
qanïm tölböri^[6] qara bodun külig qadašïm äsizim a ič ičim är öglär^[7] oɣlan är küdägülärim qïz kälinlärim bökmädim

Translation

O my consort in the secluded place! O my son in the valley! May thou say! O my sorrow! May thou say! I did not get fully satiated. I departed. My progeny and kinsmen, may thou say! I departed.
I bound my gilded quiver round my waist. I did not get fully satiated with my heavenly realm. O my sorrow! May thou say!
I am Üchin, the glorious Tirig. I was ... in my heavenly realm.
I departed in the age of sixty-three. I departed from my place, from the rivers of Uyuk and Katun.
In my heavenly realm: my daughter, my son, ... my son, my six-thousand horses,
my khan Tölböri, common people, my glorious relatives, o my sorrow! My elder brother, mothers, sons, my sons-in-law, daughter, my daughters-in-law. I did not get fully satiated.

Comments

↑ We interpret the words quy and öz as two different parts of a valley: a secluded, protected part and a central, open one, respectively.
↑ The runiform letters ⟨YITA⟩ are read as ayït a, that is the second person imperative of the verb ayït- 'to say' with interjection.
↑ Tekin (1964) was the first who has pointed out that the runiform letters ⟨sIz⟩ are to be read as äsiz 'alas'.
↑ The word altunlïɣ is most probably mistakenly written as ⟨LṬWNlg⟩ altunlïg, cf. Elegest I for parallel.
↑ Names of rivers, see Aydın 2011. The word ägük (> öök) refers to the river Uyuk.
↑ According to Erdal (2002, 61-62), the letters ⟨tẄlbrI⟩ are to be interpreted as tölböri 'Wolfjunges'.
↑ The letters ⟨Ẅglr⟩ are read by Кормушин (1997: 192) as ⟨Ẅẅkšr⟩ üküš är 'many men'.

Grapheme inventory

A

e

I

W

Ẅ

B

b

č

ič

D

d

g

G

K

ẅk

k

L

l

m

N

n

nǰ

ŋ

R

r

s

ṣ

t

Ṭ

Y

y

z

Pictures and drawings

Appelgren-Kivalo (1931, Abb. 331)

Аманжолов (2003, 113)

Радлов (1893, lxxv)

Radloff (1893: lxxv)

Васильев (1983: 59)

Васильев (1983, 59)

Базылхан (2005, 325)

References

Appelgren-Kivalo, Hjalmar 1931. Alt-Altaische Kunstdenkmäler: Briefe und Bildermaterial von J. R. Aspelins Reisen in Sibirien und der Mongolei 1887-1889. Helsingfors: Finnische Altertumsgesellschaft.

EniseiAppelgrenKivalo1931GermanLatin

Aspelin, Johann Reinhold, Donner, Otto 1889. Inscriptions de l'Iénissei: recueillies et publiées par la Société finlandaise d'archeologie. Helsingfors: Imprimerie de la Société de littérature finnoise.

EniseiAspelinDonner1889FrenchLatin

Aydın, Erhan 2011. ‘Remarks on Qatun in the Yenisei inscriptions’, Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 64: 251–256. EniseiAydın2011EnglishLatin

Aydın, Erhan 2015. Yenisey Yazıtları. Konya: Kömen Yayınları.

EniseiAydın2015TurkishLatin

Aydın, Erhan 2019. Sibirya'da Türk İzleri: Yenisey Yazıtları. Istanbul: Kronik Kitap.

EniseiAydın2019TurkishLatin

Erdal, Marcel 2002. ‘Anmerkungen zu den Jenissei-Inschriften’, in Ölmez, Mehmet, Raschmann, Simone-Christiane (eds) Splitter aus der Gegend von Turfan. Festschrift für Peter Zieme anlässlich seines 60. Geburtstags, pp. 51-73. İstanbul, Berlin: M. Ölmez (Türk Dilleri Araştırmaları Dizisi, 35).

EniseiErdal2002GermanLatin

Kormuşin, İgor, Mozioğlu, Emine, Alimov, Risbek, Yıldırım, Fikret 2016. Yenisey - Altay - Kırgızistan Yazıtları ve Kâǧıda Yazılı Runik Belgeler. Ankara: BilgeSu.

Orkun, Hüseyin Namık 1940. Eski Türk Yazıtları, 3. İstanbul: Devlet Basımevi.

YeniseiOrkun1940TurkishLatin

Radloff, Friedrich Wilhelm 1893. Atlas der Alterthümer der Mongolei, 2. St. Petersburg: Akademie.

Enisei, OrkhonRadloff1893GermanLatin

Radloff, Wilhelm 1895. Die alttürkischen Inschriften der Mongolei. St. Petersburg: Buchdruckerei der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften.

Yenisei, OrkhonRadloff1895GermanLatin

Sertkaya, Osman Fikri 1995. ‘Göktürk Tarihinin Meseleleri: Yenisey Yazıtlarının Yayınlarındaki Bazı Okuma ve Anlamlandırmaların Düzeltilmesi, Yeni Okuma ve Anlamlandırma Teklifleri’, Türk Dili Araştırmaları Yıllığı-Belleten 1993: 67–75. EniseiSertkaya1995TurkishLatin

Tekin, Talat 1964. ‘On a misinterpreted word in the Old Turkic inscriptions’, Ural-Altaische Jahrbücher 35: 134–144.

Tekin, Talat 1995. ‘Elegest (Körtle Han) Yazıtı’, Türk Dilleri Araştırmaları 5: 19–32. EniseiTekin1995TurkishLatin

Yıldırım, Fikret, Aydın, Erhan, Alimov, Risbek 2013. Yenisey - Kırgızistan Yazıtları ve Irk Bitig. Ankara: BilgeSu.

Аманжолов, Алтай Серсанович 2003. История и теория древнетюркского письма. Алматы: Мектеп.

Базылхан, Нәпіл (ed.) 2005. Қазақстан тарихы туралы түркі деректемелері, 2: Көне түрік бітіктастары мен ескерткіштері (Орхон, Енисей, Талас). Алматы: Даук-Пресс.

Батманов, Игорь Алексеевич, Кунаа, Александр Чайбарович 1963 a. Памятники древнетюркской письменности тувы, 1. Кызыл: Тувинское книжное издательство.

Васильев, Дмитрий Дмитриевич 1983. Корпус тюркских рунических памятников бассейна Енисея. Ленинград: Наука.

Кормушин, Игорь Валентинович 1997. Тюркские енисейские эпитафии: Тексты и исследования. Москва: Наука.

Кормушин, Игорь Валентинович 2008. Тюркские енисейские эпитафии: Грамматика, текстология. Москва: Наука.

Малов, Сергей Ефимович 1952. Енисейская письменность тюрков: Тексты и переводы. Москва, Ленинград: Наука.

EniseiМалов1952RussianCyrillic

Радлов, Василий Васильевич 1893. Атлас древностей Монголии, 2. Санктпетербург: Наука.

Щербак, Александр Михайлович 1970. ‘Енисейские рунические надписи: К истории открытия и изучения’, Тюркологический сборник 1970: 111–134. EniseiЩербак1970RussianCyrillic

Authorship

Károly, László 2024, 2 February. ‘Uyuk Turan’, in László Károly, Julian Rentzsch (eds) A Database of Turkic Runiform Inscriptions, Uppsala: Department of Linguistics and Philology. URL: https://www.runiform.lingfil.uu.se/wiki/Uyuk Turan (accessed 22 Sep 2026)

[1] We interpret the words quy and öz as two different parts of a valley: a secluded, protected part and a central, open one, respectively.

[2] The runiform letters ⟨YITA⟩ are read as ayït a, that is the second person imperative of the verb ayït- 'to say' with interjection.

[3] Tekin (1964) was the first who has pointed out that the runiform letters ⟨sIz⟩ are to be read as äsiz 'alas'.

[4] The word altunlïɣ is most probably mistakenly written as ⟨LṬWNlg⟩ altunlïg, cf. Elegest I for parallel.

[5] Names of rivers, see Aydın 2011. The word ägük (> öök) refers to the river Uyuk.

[6] According to Erdal (2002, 61-62), the letters ⟨tẄlbrI⟩ are to be interpreted as tölböri 'Wolfjunges'.

[7] The letters ⟨Ẅglr⟩ are read by Кормушин (1997: 192) as ⟨Ẅẅkšr⟩ üküš är 'many men'.

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